Today SoundCloud announced the availability of their API, which uses OAuth for authorization:
We develop using simple, proven, open standards and have built a RESTful API including oAuth, XML, JSON – available for all who want to engage. With the API you can access the entire SoundCloud service from your favorite tools and languages. We have tried to make it as simple as possible while still keeping things secure and powerful.
To get an invite into SoundCloud, developers can sign up here.